Cultivated Edible Mushrooms

Cultivated edible mushrooms has a long history. The first efforts was made in China when shiitake mushrooms were cultivated in rotting logs. The first real commercial methods were adapted in France during the 17th century, it was for button mushrooms, also known as champignon. In Europe cultivation was almost entirely focused on this species until the 1970´s, since then a lot has happened. Here is a list of the more common cultivated mushrooms available today.

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List Of Cultivated Edible Mushrooms

Beach mushroom (also shimeji) is native to East Asia.
Button mushroom (also champignon) is by far the most commonly grown mushroom. Varieties are portobello and crimini. It is native to Europe and North America.

Cauliflower mushroom (also sparassus) is native to Europe and North America. It has only started to be cultivated recently.
Corn smut is a kind of disease found on maize. Known as huitlacoche in Latin America where it is native. Common in Mexican cuisine.
Ear fungus (also black fungus, wood ear, cloud ear fungus, Judas´s ear fungus) are two species and named so since they resemble the shape of ears; they are so called "jelly mushrooms". Native to East Asia.
Morels are several species native to North America and Europe. Are poisonous so preparation has to be careful. In the 20th century it was found out that they grow on old papermill grounds. You can actually grow them yourself by digging down some newspapers in sandy soil and hope for some spores to arrive.
Oyster mushroom is a mushroom found throughout the world and largely cultivated. The origin is not defined.
Paddy straw mushroom is very common in Chinese cuisine. Started to be cultivated in China in the 19th century, it is native to East Asia.
Snow fungus (also silver ear) is another "jelly mushroom". Is native in most sub-tropical regions over the world.
Shiitake (also forest mushroom) One of the more common mushrooms and a vital ingredient in East Asian cuisine where it also has its origins.

Truffles this legendary culinary mushroom is a type of a "tuber mushroom". The several hundred species are found all over the world. Cultivation has been in practice since the 19th century, they grow on certain tree roots, however creating host trees has not been successful.